It usually starts well. Someone builds a tracker for orders, leads, site visits or stock, and it works because one person looks after it. Then the team grows. The file is shared on Drive, forwarded in WhatsApp groups, saved as "final_v3_updated.xlsx" and edited from different branches at the same time. By the time a mistake surfaces, nobody can say which copy was right or who changed the row.
At that point the spreadsheet has quietly become your operating system, and it has no access control, no meaningful history and no way to tell anyone that a record is waiting for them. Spreadsheets remain very good at quick analysis and one-off lists. The trouble is limited to the files that carry shared, ongoing work.
When we replace one, the first job is reading it properly. A working sheet holds more rules than it shows: formulas that calculate commissions or due dates, colour codes that mean "on hold", hidden columns, and the exceptions staff handle from memory because the file has nowhere to put them. Those rules become the specification for the custom application that takes over.
The switch itself is planned, too. For a cycle or two the old file and the new application may run side by side, so staff can compare results and spot a rule we missed before the sheet is retired. After that, the sheet is archived as read-only and the application becomes the only place the work happens.